The past performance of an investment is not a guide to its future performance; the value of an investment and any income from it can go down as well as up. There is a risk that you could get back less than you invested. Find out more Details about the various charges that will apply to your investment, what these charges are for and the potential impact on your investment. PLEASE REMEMBER, THE PRICE AND PERFORMANCE FOR ALL OUR FUNDS ARE SHOWN AFTER ALL FUND CHARGES. It is important you know what costs and charges you could pay when you invest in one of our funds, either through our open-ended investment companies (OEICs) or our unit trust. We explain these costs and charges in our OEIC and unit trust charges document. This document shows the charges associated with investing, including a breakdown of these charges, covering the following: Ongoing charges figure: which include the recurring charges such as the annual management charge paid to us and other fund operational costs, including fees paid to the depositary, custodian and auditors. Transaction costs: which are incurred when we buy and sell underlying investments within a fund. Transaction costs are variable, as they will depend on the level and types of transactions in each fund and are calculated according to the relevant regulations. Some of the transaction costs are explicit (leaving no room for confusion or doubt), such as the tax of 0.5% paid to the UK government on the transaction to buy shares in a company incorporated in the UK, or charges paid to firms for arranging the buying or selling of underlying investments, even if a transaction is done digitally. Some of the transaction costs are implicit, for example the cost impact to the fund of the difference in price for buying or selling an underlying investment between the time the order was initially placed and the time the order was executed. Some share prices will move every fraction of a second. Please note: You should be careful when comparing costs from different investment firms. Different firms may use different methodologies for calculating ongoing charges figures and transaction costs; it is very important to make sure it is clear which firms are including transaction costs for underlying funds for a fair like-for-like comparison. If you need help in deciding which is the right investment product for you, we strongly recommend you speak with a financial adviser. The price and performance for all our funds are shown after all fund charges. OEIC and unit trust cost & charges Research policy